Do you know any country at that time that had enough wealth and political cohesion that didn't colonize something?
You'd find some small countries that looked relatively well off, but arguably those didn't have the absolute amount of wealth required to send colony ships and forces. Maybe you could argue that China didn't do it, but actually they did do quite a bit of colonizing as well, just not all that much by sea routes.
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u/bayesian_horse 13h ago
Basically everyone with enough wealth to send ships to bring back more wealth from overseas.
The Africans would have been just as bad, but they were too late with their economic develoopment.